Predictors of breastfeeding duration among women in Kuwait: results of a prospective cohort study

The purposes of this paper are to report the prevalence of breastfeeding to six months among women in Kuwait and to determine the factors that are associated with the duration of breastfeeding. A cohort of 373 women recruited from maternity wards in four hospitals in Kuwait city were followed from birth to 26 weeks postpartum. The association of any and full breastfeeding duration and predictor variables were explored using multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards models. At six months, 39% of all infants were receiving some breast milk and only 2% of infants had been fully breastfed to 26 weeks. Women born in other Arab countries were less likely to discontinue breastfeeding than women born in Kuwait. Other factors positively associated with breastfeeding duration were level of maternal education, higher parity, infant being demand fed in hospital and a preference for breastfeeding on the part of the infant’s father and maternal grandmother. The introduction of a pacifier before four weeks of age and the mother intending to return to work by six months were negatively associated with duration. These findings present a number of opportunities for prolonging breastfeeding duration in Kuwait

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS BUHIT SAMOSIR TAHUN 2023

Breast milk is the ideal nutrition for babies which contains nutrients that are best suited to the needs of babies as well as protective substances to fight disease. The success of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by many factors. The aim of the research is to find out the factors related to exclusive breastfeeding at Buhit Samosir Health Center in 2023. Quantitative research method with a cross sectional approach. The research was carried out at the Buhit Samosir Health Center in November 2022-July 2023. The study population was 30 people, the total sampling technique was 30 people. Bivariate analysis of chi-square test and multivariate multiple logistic regression test. The results of the study showed that 10 people (33.3%) who gave exclusive breastfeeding were mostly 25-35 years old and 17 people (56.7%) who did not exclusively breastfeed were 25-35 years old. The majority of breastfeeding mothers have good knowledge (score 23-30) of 24 people (80%), the majority of mothers who give exclusive breastfeeding have good knowledge (score 23-30) of 8 people (26.7%) and the majority of mothers who do not give exclusive breastfeeding good knowledge (score 23-30) as many as 16 people (53.3%). The majority of breastfeeding mothers have a fairly good attitude (score 49-55) as many as 15 people (50%), the majority of mothers who give exclusive breastfeeding have a good attitude (score 56-75) as many as 5 people (16.7%) and the majority of mothers who do not exclusively breastfeed attitude is quite good (score 49-55) as many as 12 people (40%). The majority of breastfeeding mothers had no history of illness as many as 22 people (73.3%), the majority of mothers who gave exclusive breastfeeding had no history of illness as many as 11 people (36.7%) and mothers who were not exclusively breastfed the majority had no history of disease as many as 11 people ( 36.7%). The majority of breastfeeding mothers with first parity gave birth or parity > 4 as many as 18 people (60%), the majority of mothers who gave exclusive breastfeeding with first parity gave birth or parity > 4 as many as 7 people (23.3%) and mothers who were not exclusively breastfed the majority with first parity gave birth or parity> 4 as many as 11 people (36.7%). The dominant factor in exclusive breastfeeding is the attitude factor with a significance value of 0.001 <0.005.  Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, age, knowledge, attitudes, medical history, parit

Intrapartum epidural analgesia and breastfeeding: a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Anecdotal reports suggest that the addition of fentanyl (an opioid) to epidural analgesia for women during childbirth results in difficulty establishing breastfeeding. The aim of this paper is to determine any association between epidural analgesia and 1) breastfeeding in the first week postpartum and 2) breastfeeding cessation during the first 24 weeks postpartum. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 1280 women aged > or = 16 years, who gave birth to a single live infant in the Australian Capital Territory in 1997 was conducted. Women completed questionnaires at weeks 1, 8, 16 and 24 postpartum. Breastfeeding information was collected in each of the four surveys and women were categorised as either fully breastfeeding, partially breastfeeding or not breastfeeding at all. Women who had stopped breastfeeding since the previous survey were asked when they stopped. RESULTS In the first week postpartum, 93% of women were either fully or partially breastfeeding their baby and 60% were continuing to breastfeed at 24 weeks. Intrapartum analgesia and type of birth were associated with partial breastfeeding and breastfeeding difficulties in the first postpartum week (p < 0.0001). Analgesia, maternal age and education were associated with breastfeeding cessation in the first 24 weeks (p < 0.0001), with women who had epidurals being more likely to stop breastfeeding than women who used non-pharmacological methods of pain relief (adjusted hazard ratio 2.02, 95% CI 1.53, 2.67). CONCLUSION Women in this cohort who had epidurals were less likely to fully breastfeed their infant in the few days after birth and more likely to stop breastfeeding in the first 24 weeks. Although this relationship may not be causal, it is important that women at higher risk of breastfeeding cessation are provided with adequate breastfeeding assistance and support.Christine Roberts is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Public Health Practitioner Fellowship and Siranda Torvaldsen is supported by a NHMRC Australian Research Training Fellowship. The cohort study was supported by a project grant from The Canberra Hospital Private Practice Fund. Additional funding was provided by The Canberra Hospital Auxiliary, the Nurses' Board of the Australian Capital Territory, and the Australian Capital Territory Department of Health & Community Care

Breastfeeding and timing of pubertal onset in girls: a multiethnic population-based prospective cohort study.

BackgroundEarly puberty is associated with higher risk of adverse health and behavioral outcomes throughout adolescence and adulthood. US girls are experiencing earlier puberty with substantial racial/ethnic differences. We examined the association between breastfeeding and pubertal timing to identify modifiable risk factors of early puberty and potential sources of racial/ethnic differences in the timing of pubertal development.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 3331 racially/ethnically diverse girls born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) between 2004 and 06. All data were obtained from KPNC electronic clinical and administrative datasets. Mother-reported duration of breastfeeding was obtained from questionnaires administered at each 'well-baby' check-up exam throughout the baby's first year and categorized as 'Not breastfed', 'Breastfed &lt; 6 months', and 'Breastfed ≥ 6 months'. Pubertal development data used Tanner stages assessed by pediatricians during routine pediatric checkups starting at age 6. Pubertal onset was defined as transition from Tanner Stage 1 to Tanner Stage 2+ for breast (thelarche) and pubic hair (pubarche). Weibull regression models accommodating for left, right, and interval censoring were used in all analyses. Models were adjusted for maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, parity and prepubertal body mass index (BMI). We also examined race/ethnicity as a potential effect modifier of these associations.ResultsNot breastfeeding was associated with earlier onset of breast and pubic hair development compared to breastfeeding ≥6 months (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.46; HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05-1.46, respectively). Breastfeeding for &lt; 6 months was also associated with the risk of earlier pubic hair development (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00-1.30, compared to breastfeeding ≥6 months). Inclusion of girls' prepubertal BMI slightly attenuated the association between breastfeeding and timing of breast onset but remained significant. The association between not breastfeeding and early breast development may be stronger among African American girls (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.01-3.66, no breastfeeding vs. ≥6 months) than other racial/ethnic groups.ConclusionsBreastfeeding is an independent predictor of pubertal onset in girls, and the strength of the association may vary by race/ethnicity. Providing breastfeeding support and lactation education for high risk mothers may help prevent earlier pubertal onset and promote positive health outcomes later in life

Child loss and fertility behaviour in Ghana

Evidence shows a strong relationship between child mortality and fertility at the aggregate level but the relationship at the individual level is less clear. Data from the 1993 Ghana DHS are used to examine the impact of infant death on a woman's subsequent fertility behaviour. Birth interval analysis, parity progression ratios, and multilevel discrete-time hazard models are used. Child replacement after infant death is found to be taking place in Ghana. On average, birth intervals are shortened by about 15 months if a child dies in the neonatal stage, and by about 11 months for postneonatal death. Progression to the next parity is higher if an infant dies than if it survives; the probability of progression is about 32% higher if a male child dies than if a female dies. A sustained decline in child mortality in Ghana is likely to result in further reduction in fertility

Birth and breastfeeding events : the influence of birth on breastfeeding duration : an exploratory research study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Midwifery, Massey University

A retrospective exploratory methodology was used to examine the influence perinatal events had on breastfeeding duration measured at four months postpartum. A self-reporting questionnaire and examination of obstetric records provided the quantitative data for 68 normal vaginal birth women and 85 Caesarean section women. Nonparametric Pearson's Chi-square goodness of fit test was used to measure statistical significance. Almost 88% (87.6%) of the respondents were breastfeeding four months following birth. This was 86.8% of normal birth women and 88.2% of Caesarean section women. Sixty-four percent of infants were exclusively breastfeeding and 11% fully breastfeeding four months after birth. Prior breastfeeding was the only event or experience found to be significantly statistically associated with type of birth and breastfeeding duration. A marginally significant statistical relationship was found between type of Caesarean section and breastfeeding at four months postpartum. Highly significant statistical relationships were identified between type of birth and: time of first cuddle, concomitant skin-to-skin contact, time of first breastfeed, supplementary feeding in hospital, and receiving help in hospital. A significant statistical relationship was identified between type of birth and having a breastfeeding problem in hospital, and a marginally significant statistical relationship between type of birth and 'rooming in'. Other events that were expected and identified as highly significant statistically were: multiparity and having breastfed before, having a breastfeeding problem in hospital and receiving help, type of birth and time in hospital, and breastfeeding at four months postpartum and satisfaction. There was a marginally significant statistical relationship between breastfeeding at four months postpartum and type of caesarean section. This studies finding that there was no difference in breastfeeding rates at four months for either sub-sample of women warrants further exploration

THE CORRELATION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND MATERNAL PARITY WITH EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN WORK AREA OF HEALTH CENTER OF CENGKOK, NGRONGGOT, KAB. NGANJUK

Introduction: Breast milk containts many nutrient that are good for growth and optimal infant development. WHO, UNICEF, and the goverment has recommended exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months, however the behavior of mother in exclusive breastfeeding is still low. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of health behaviors which is influenced by many factors namely predisposing factors, enabling factors, empowering factors, mother’s factors, and baby factors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between predisposing factors (knowledge and attitudes) and mother’s factors (parity) with exclusive breastfeeding. Method : This research was used descriptive analytic design with cross sectional approach. The population of this research was mothers with infants of 7-12 months. The 52 respondents was chosen by purposive sampling technique. The independent variabel in this research was knowledge, attitude, and mother’s parity, while the dependent variabel in this study was exclusive breastfeeding. The data was collected using a questionnaire (demography, konowledge, and attitudes) and analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with significance α < 0,05. Result : The Spearman’s rho showed that there was a significant correlation between knowledge (p =0,000), attitude (p = 0,001) and parity (p = 0,004) with exclusive breastfeeding. Discussion : The results of this study showed that with good knowledge and good attitudes and add more experience can prompt mother to give exclusive breastfeeding. For nurses are espexted to provide health education is effective having regard to the level of knowledge of the mother, age, as well as the emotions of the mother so that the mother could be motivated to provide exclusive breast milk and may increase the exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords : knowledge, attitude, mother’s parity, exclusive breastfeedin

Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding and S-iga Antibodies Antirotavirus Breast Milk Towards Risk of Acute Rotavirus Diarrhea in Infants Age of 1-6 Months: Do They Corelate to Breastfeeding "Daily Dose" and Antibody Titers?

Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the incidence of diarrhea, especially in children who live in densely populated neighborhood. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains antirotavirus s-IgA antibodies towards risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea in infants aged of 1-6 months. Case-control study design is applied to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains s-IgA antibodies antirotavirus with risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea. Cases in this study were patients with acute rotavirus diarrhea and controls were patients without acute rotavirus diarrhea. Cases and controls were matched based on age. There were 23 cases and 69 controls. The proportion who received exclusive breastfeeding was 34.8% in cases and 34.4% in controls, with OR of 1.21 (95% CI: 0.45 to 3.28) and p = 0.28. Breast milk contains sIgA antibodies antirotavirus for case was 17.39% and controls was 23.2%, OR was 1.12 (95% CI: 0.29 to 4.29), p = 0.203. In conclusion, exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains sIgA antibodies antirotavirus were not associated with risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea in infants 1-6 months. This may be caused by differences in population and demographic studies as well as low of milk sIgA antibody antirotavirus titters. Further research of breastfeeding regardless of antirotavirus containing high antibody titters sIgA is needed

Demographic and Socio-economic Determinants of Birth Interval Dynamics in Manipur: A Survival Analysis

The birth interval is a major determinant of levels of fertility in high fertility populations. A house-to-house survey of 1225 women in Manipur, a tiny state in North Eastern India was carried out to investigate birth interval patterns and its determinants. Using survival analysis, among the nine explanatory variables of interest, only three factors – infant mortality, Lactation and use of contraceptive devices have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the duration of birth interval and only three factors – age at marriage of wife, parity and sex of child are found to be significant (P<0.05) on the duration variable